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Question 1: Which mathematical constant is defined as the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter?
Question 2: Which book by George Orwell features a society under constant surveillance by the government?
George Orwell's dystopian novel 1984, published in 1949, depicts a totalitarian society where the government exerts complete control over its citizens, including through mass surveillance. The book introduced terms like "Big Brother" and "thought police" that are still referenced today when discussing government overreach and privacy concerns.
Question 3: Which ancient Mesopotamian city is known for its impressive Ishtar Gate?
The Ishtar Gate was the eighth gate to the inner city of Babylon, constructed around 575 BCE by order of King Nebuchadnezzar II. It was part of the ancient city's walls and was dedicated to the Babylonian goddess Ishtar. The gate was excavated in the early 20th century and a reconstruction using original bricks is now on display at the Pergamon Museum in Berlin.
Question 4: Who wrote the famous musical "Les Misérables"?
Claude-Michel Schönberg is a French composer best known for writing the music for the highly successful musical "Les Misérables". The musical, based on Victor Hugo's novel of the same name, premiered in Paris in 1980 and has since been performed around the world, becoming one of the most popular musicals of all time.
Question 5: If you're experiencing dyspnea, what are you having difficulty with?
Dyspnea is the medical term for shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. It can be a symptom of various conditions affecting the respiratory system or heart.
Question 6: What element is the main component of the human body?
While carbon is often thought of as the key element in organic life, oxygen actually makes up the largest percentage of the human body by mass. About 65% of the human body is oxygen, primarily due to the water (H2O) content in our cells and blood.
Question 7: Which type of rock is formed from cooled magma or lava?
Igneous rocks are formed when magma (molten rock underground) or lava (molten rock above ground) cools and solidifies. Examples of igneous rocks include granite, basalt, and obsidian.
Question 8: Why is the festival of Holi celebrated in India?
Holi is a popular Hindu festival that celebrates the arrival of spring, the end of winter, and the blossoming of love. It is also said to signify the triumph of good over evil. The festival is known for the colored powder that revelers throw on each other, leaving festival-goers coated in color by the end of the day.
Question 9: Where was the world's first stock exchange established?
The Amsterdam Stock Exchange, established in 1602 by the Dutch East India Company, is considered the oldest stock exchange in the world. It was the first to formally trade in securities.
Question 10: Where does the name "copper" come from?
The name "copper" comes from the Latin word "cuprum", which means "from the island of Cyprus". In ancient times, Cyprus was a major producer of copper.
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Pi (π) is a mathematical constant that represents the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. Its value is approximately 3.14159, and it has been calculated to over one trillion digits after the decimal point.